فصلنامه انتظام اجتماعی
سال دوازدهم شماره 3 (پاییز 1399)

The phenomenon of social deviations exists in all societies, which has negative consequences in society. Meanwhile, the family also plays a role in the emergence of deviations. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between youth's dissatisfaction with parents and their tendency to the three deviations of robbery, violence and suicide.

In terms of its objectives this study is of an applied research type and in terms of its nature it is considered as descriptive-analytical and survey. The statistical population is the total number of 8,633 undergraduate students of Mazandaran University. The statistical sample was determined based on Morgan and Krejcie Table (395 individuals), who were selected by cluster random sampling method. Two standard scales of social deviation tendency (Rajabi, 2015) and parental satisfaction (Hudson, 1992) were used to collect data. T-test, Pearson and regression with SPSS software were used for analysis.

The results show that 14.6% of students hate their father and 10% hate their mother. 15% agree or disagree that the person solves his need by stealing. The average tendency of boys to robbery and violence (13.80 and 16.84, respectively) is higher than girls (12.08 and 14.98). There is a relationship between parental dissatisfaction with the tendency to robbery, violence and suicide (P <0.05).

Boys deviate more than girls. There is a relationship between parental dissatisfaction and child deviance. In predicting the three deviations of robbery, violence, and suicide, dissatisfaction with the father has more predictive power than dissatisfaction with the mother

Social intelligence is the ability to recognize people and the ability to act creatively in human relationships that is essential for police forces. The purpose of this study is to develop a communication model of social intelligence and social responsibility of student-athletes of Amin Police University.

The research method is descriptive-correlational. The statistical population of student-athletes in different sports of Amin Police University was estimated to be 700 individuals. By random sampling and Krejcie and Morgan Table, 248 individuals were selected as the statistical sample. The research instruments were the standard questionnaires of social intelligence of Silura et al. (2001) and Carroll (1991) social responsibility. The content validity was confirmed by university professors and the reliability was calculated using Cronbach's alpha coefficient in all dimensions higher than 0.7. To analyze the data and fit the model, the partial least squares method with structural equation modeling, Smart PLS (3) statistical software was used.

There is a positive and significant relationship between social intelligence and social responsibility and all components of responsibility (economic, legal, moral and humanitarian). The magnitude of the effect size of social intelligence on the components of social responsibility: humanitarian (0.530), legal (0.720), moral (0.739) and economic (0.728) were the most important factors. The value of the model goodness fit index was obtained as GOF = 0.718.

Social intelligence as an important component of human capital has a great impact on the moral, economic and legal dimensions of I. R. I. Police students' social responsibility. Therefore, efforts to identify and cultivate students' social intelligence can be the first step to increase and improve the components of police social responsibility in society and increase the efficiency and effectiveness of law enforcement in the country.

Young people's social connections put them in situations and offer them a particular lifestyle. Therefore, examining how these social relations and their tendency to specific subcultures in their future life style will be among the determining factors. The purpose of this study is to analyze the relationship between social capital and young people's desire for subculture of deviant foreign groups.

In terms of its objectives this study is of applied research and in terms of type of the research it is considered as a quantitative, which has been conducted using survey method. The statistical population of the study is the students of Ferdowsi University of Mashhad who were selected as a sample using Cochran's formula. The measurement tool is a researcher-made questionnaire. The validity of the questionnaire was confirmed by face validity, and the reliability was confirmed by using Cronbach's alpha coefficient (social capital 0.81 and willingness to join deviant groups 0.89). Data were analyzed by correlation coefficient and multivariate regression tests using SPSS software.

Findings show that there is no significant relationship between social capital and its components (trust, cohesion, participation and commitment) with the tendency to subculture of deviant groups. There was a significant inverse relationship between adherence to religious obligations (-0.375) and recognition and desire to join deviant groups (0.351) with the tendency to subculture of deviant groups.

Considering the inverse relationship between adherence to religious obligations and the tendency to subculture of deviant groups, it can be concluded that by increasing adherence to religious obligations among young people, their tendency to deviant groups can be reduced.

Crime prevention strategies are one of the topics in the field of criminology that are developed in order to control and manage crimes by using different governance and community capacities before, during and after the crime. Given the great influence of the mass media in this regard, the purpose of this study is to investigate the role of the media in crime prevention and security.

In terms of its objectives the present study is of an applied research type and in terms of its nature it is considered as descriptive-survey. The statistical population is 81 individuals in charge of crime prevention and the sample size is calculated as 67 individuals based on Cochran's formula with at least 5% error. The instrument used was a researcher-made questionnaire. The reliability of the questionnaire was 89% by measuring Cronbach's alpha coefficient. The validity of the questionnaire was evaluated and confirmed using expert opinion and face validity. The collected data were analyzed using SPSS software and t-test, Friedman and regression tests.

Findings indicate that mass media are directly and indirectly effective in crime prevention and public security by emphasizing public culture-making with a total of 0.498. According to Friedman test, to determine the priority of different functions of media influence in crime prevention and public security, the function of culture-making through the media with a rate of 2.94 compared to other functions, was prioritized.

Public culture building, modeling and providing inferential and informational needs of public culture are effective in preventing crime. As a result, those in charge of crime prevention in the society should take an interactive and participatory approach and use the negative and positive functions and capacities of the media in a specialized and correct way to generalize the culture of crime prevention and security in the society

Security has long been one of the basic human needs, which is considered as a fundamental right and a prerequisite for maintaining and promoting the welfare and health of the people. The main purpose of this research is to investigate the social factors affecting the sense of social security of urban women in Babol.

In terms of its objectives this study is of an applied research type and in terms of the nature it is considered as a descriptive-analytical and survey study. The statistical population consists of women over 18 years of age in the city of Babol. 374 individuals were selected based on multi-stage cluster sampling method. A researcher-made questionnaire was used to collect data. The validity of the study was confirmed using face validity and the reliability of the questionnaire was estimated as 0.74 for all variables using Cronbach's alpha. The collected data were analyzed in SPSS software using correlation and multivariate regression tests.

Findings showed that the extent of the sense of security in the sample group was moderate to low (mean 2.26 out of 5). Also, the study of research hypotheses showed that between the variables of social capital (r = 0.322), women's evaluation of law enforcement performance (r = 0.328), socio-economic level (r = 0.149) and the use of communication media (r = -0.357) has a significant relationship with the sense of social security of urban women.

Given the unfavorable situation of women's sense of security in the city of Babol and the possibility of its adverse effects in the long run, such as reduced participation and their presence in the public sphere and thus moving to the private sphere, comprehensive and effective measures and plans should be taken in order to increase and promote it.

Cyber bullying is a phenomenon that has arisen with the advent and development of the Internet and demands its own challenges. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of assertiveness skills training on cyber bullying female students victims in second grade high schools.

In terms of its objectives this study is of an applied research, and in terms of type it is considered as a quantitative study, which was conducted using quasi-experimental design (pre-test-post-test with control group). The statistical population consisted of female high school students (2019-2020), of whom 30 individuals who had the highest score in the Cyber ​​Victim Questionnaire were randomly selected and assigned in two groups of control and experimental. The instruments of the present study were the Cyber ​​Victim Experience Questionnaire (Antonio et al., 2016) and the Schering' Self-Expression (Schering, 1980). The reliability coefficients of these questionnaires have been reported as 0.69 (Basharpour and Zardi, 2019) and 0.88 (Khalatbari et al., 2009), respectively. Then, the assertiveness skills training program was implemented in 8 sessions of 90 minutes for the members of the experimental group. Univariate analysis of covariance was used to analyze the data.

The findings of the present study showed that the training of assertiveness skills caused a significant change in cyber victim scores in the post-test phase (F = 80.68, P = 0.001). Follow-up of the results in a 6-month period also showed the persistence of the effect of assertiveness skills training.

According to the results of the study, it was found that assertiveness skills training to adolescents reduces the cyber victim experience in this age group and by using such training, social harms can be prevented

Nowadays, the need for organizations to pay attention to improving the performance and satisfaction of stakeholders, especially in service organizations such as the police, is a very important principle. Community-oriented prioritizes solving the public concern and will lead to increasing trust and confidence and people's satisfaction. The purpose of this study is to identify the effect of organizational structure on the realization of community-oriented police approach with the mediating role of organizational trust.

In terms of its objectives the present study is of an applied research type and in terms of its nature it is considered as a correlational study. The statistical population of the present study consists of sheriffs, heads and deputies of police stations in Metropolitan Tehran. Based on simple stratified and random sampling method, 102 individuals make up the sample size. The assessment tool consists of a community-based police researcher-made questionnaire and Robbins' standard questionnaires of organizational structure (1989) and the organizational trust of Wick et al. (2000). The reliability of the instrument is calculated by Cronbach's alpha (0.81). Confirmatory factor analysis method was used to check and confirm the validity of all components of this questionnaire. To test the hypotheses, mean tests and structural equation modeling using SPSS and Lisrel software were used.

Findings indicate that the organizational structure has a 65% direct effect on the realization of community-oriented policing and a 38% indirect effect through organizational trust. At the same time, organizational trust has a 59% direct impact on the realization of community-oriented policing. Organizational structure can also predict 61% of changes in organizational trust.

To increase the community-oriented approach of the police, not only structural components and indicators should be strengthened, but also the components and indicators of organizational trust should be reviewed and strengthened.

Unlawfulness as a social issue that threatens the health of society arises from incompatibilities that govern the relationship between the individual and society. These inconsistencies weaken social solidarity and cohesion, and ultimately lead to anomalies and unlawfulness. In Iran, there are many cultural and social problems against the general acceptance of the law. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to analyze the social contexts of unlawfulness phenomenon among young people.

In terms of its objectives the present study is of an applied research type and in terms of its nature it is considered as descriptive-analytical and survey study. The statistical population includes young people aged 18-35 in Bandar Abbas. According to Morgan's Table, 400 individuals were selected by cluster and random sampling method. A researcher-made questionnaire was used to collect data. Data analysis was performed using SPSS software and t-test, ANOVA, Spearman and regression tests.

Based on the obtained level of significance (p˃0.05), it can be said that there is no significant relationship between marital status, age, income, cultural capital, religiosity and unlawfulness. The level of significance (p < 0.50) indicates a direct and significant relationship between gender, individual identity and peer group with unlawfulness. The results of one-way analysis of variance (Sig = 0.16 and F = 4.169) also showed that the rate of unlawfulness varies according to residential areas.

The more contact with the peer group, there will be more unlawfulness. Increasing the relationship with the group of friends reduces the influence of the family and parents and provides the ground for unlawfulness. Also with individualism and collective reduction, the sense of belonging and social identity is reduced and the individual's connection with society is weakened, resulting in more unlawfulness.